Onion+Juice+-+Greta,+Calli,+Ashley+G,+Amanda

Myth (describe your myth) We are testing if onion juice can prevent your windshield from frosting over. Research (Write out your vocabulary words that you found and the questions with answers that you answered).

Greta Solid: Having three dimensions, or has a geometrical figure. Liquid: Made of molecules that move freely among themselves but do not tend to separate like those of gases. Question: What causes frost to form? Answer: Frost forms because the temature in the air is cooler then the surface. The moisture in the air settles on the object and it makes frost.

Calli Gas: A substance possessing perfect molecular mobility and the property of indefinite expansion as opposed to solid or liquid; the molecules in this substance move faster than the molecules in liquids or solids. Frost: A degree or state of coldness; to cause the freezing of water. Question: What factors cause frost to form? Answer: The factors in causing frost are, the tempature in the air, and the amount of moisture in the air.

Amanda Molecule: smallest physical unit of an element or compound, consisting of one or more like atoms in an element and two or more different atoms in a compound. Kinetic Energy: the energy of a body or a system with respect to the motion of the body or of the particles in the system. Question: What chemical in onions causes frost not to form? Answer: The amino acid in the onions.

Ashley G Onion: the chemicals in it are,Syn- propanethial-S- oxide, pleiomeric, and amino acid. Glass: windshields are made of High optical clarity Slica Glass. Question:What other "methods" are known to prevent your "windshield" from frosting over? Which method is the most effective? Answer:Some methods are: keeping your car in the garage,and putting a cover on the windshield. the most effective one would probably be putting a cover on your windshield.

Small Scale Test Procedure: Question: Which acid melts ice the fastest? Hypothesis: if we test the acids lemon juice, vinegar, and sprite then the lemon juice will melt the ice the quickest because we think it has more active acids in it. Independent Variable: The acids (lemon juice, vinegar, and sprite) Dependent Variable: The ice Controlled Variable: The temperature Constant Variable: The measurements of the water and acids. Materials: Procedure: Step 1: Gather your materials for the small scale test. Step 2: Pour 10 ml. of water into each section of the ice trey. Step 3: Place the ice tray in the freezer. Step 4: Once the ice cubes have been made place them on the trey / plate and leave the trey in the freezer to make sure the temperature is controlled. Step 5: Take the acids and measure out 5 ml. into the beakers. Step 6: Pour the acids in the center of each ice cube. Step 7: Use the timer to time the amount of time it takes each acid to melt an ice cube in seconds. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Step 8: Record the results in your journal. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Step 9: Repeat steps three through eight two more times for accurate testing. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Step 10: Find the averages of the time it took for each acid to melt an ice cube to get your final result.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Ice cube trey
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Lemon juice
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Vinegar
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Water (ice)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Freezer
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Trey / Plate
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Timer
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Beaker
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Journal
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Pencil

Small Scale Test Conclusion: Vinegar melts ice the fastest because it melted an average of 6 2/3 mL, when Sprite only melted 4 mL, and lemon juice melted 4 2/3. We think this happened because both vinegar and lemon juice have a lot of acids in them, but vinegar has the most active acids in it.

Large Scale Test Procedure: Ques t ion: Can oni o n j ui c e pre ve n t f r ost from fo r m i ng on w i n dshields? H y pot hesis: I f w e p u t di ff e ren t m eas urem e nt s of o nion j ui c e on a w indshield t o observe if it w ill frost ov er, t hen w e thin k 3 mL. w ill stop it f ro m fros t ing o ver t he bes t b ec ause mor e mL. o f oni o n jui c e w ill ha v e m or e ac t ive a c ids in it. I n depe n de n t V a r iable: T he a mo u n t of onion j ui c e on ea c h pi ec e of g lass. D e pend ent V a ria b l e :How much it weighs after 4 hours. C o n tr o lle d V a r ia b le :Th e g la s s w it hou t a ny on i o n ju i c e. C o ns t a n t V a r iable : T he angle of the glass and t he f r ee z er temperature. M a t e r ials : -12 p i ec es o f g las s - Thr ee o n i on s - Free z er - Kn i f e -3 pla t es/ t rays - Beaker -water spritzer S teps : S tep one : G ather all of yo u r m a t e r ials. S tep tw o: C u t t he on i ons in hal f on t he pla t e/t re y w i t h t he k ni f e. Step three: juice the onion. Step four: Weigh glass slide without water, with water, with 1 ml of onion juice, 2 ml, and 3 ml of onion juice, also one with each measurement of onion juice and water on it. S tep five : P la c e 4 glass slides o n one t ra y. S tep six: M eas ur e o u t one m l. o f oni o n jui c e i n to the bea k er and p u t it on one pi ec e of g lass. S tep seven : Measu r e ou t two m l. o f oni o n j ui c e i nt o t he bea k e r a nd p u t i t on another pi ec e o f g lass. S tep eight: M eas ur e out 3 m l. o f oni o n j ui c e i nt o t he bea k e r a nd p u t it on a t hi r d pi ec e o f g lass. S tep nine: L ea v e t he fo u rth pie c e o f g lass alone, with nothing on it, so it can be t he c o n trolled v a r iable. S tep ten: Spr ay ea c h pi ec e of g lass w i t h o ne s pr itz o f w a t er f o r t he full ef fe ct o f d ew set t i ng on t he w i n dshield. S tep eleven: R epea t the s t eps four through ten until you fill 3 trays with 4 slides on each. Step twelve: After all 12 pieces are complete, put the trays in a freezer that is set at 32 degrees Fahrenheit for four hours. step thirteen: Tilt the trays at an angle so some of the extra juice will slide off. It is supposed to be like a windshield because they are always at angles. Step fourteen: After all the time has passed, take the trays out of the freezer. Step fifteen: Observe the frost and weigh the slides to see how much more they weigh after. Step sixteen: Record all observations and results.

Large Scale Test Conclusion: If we put different measurements of onion juice on a glass slide and keep it there for four hours, then the onion juice will not prevent the windshields from frosting over because the onion juice just froze onto the glass, and then the frost froze over the onion juice. All the glass slides started at 4.5 grams, and with the frozen onion juice and the frost and everything else it made it weigh atleast .2 grams more for every slide. We think that the onion juice didn't have enough acid in it to melt the frost when it landed on the juice, so it stayed there and just froze on it.

Our myth was plausible because we didn't have enough information to actually come to a conclusion. We could've said it was busted because the frost was still on top of the frozen onion juice, but we don't think we have enough information to make a complete conclusion of that.